Uma uke wazizwa uvinjelwe yi-Command Prompt yakudala, ake ngikutshele ukuthi i-Windows ifihla igugu elibizwa nge-PowerShell. Leli thuluzi aliyona nje ifasitela elimnyama lokubhala izinhlamvu; liyindawo enamandla yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela esekelwe ku-.NET Framework evumela noma yimuphi umsebenzisi, kusukela koqalayo kakhulu kuya kunjiniyela wezinhlelo othuthuke kakhulu, ukuthi alawule ngokuphelele ikhompyutha yakhe kanye nenethiwekhi.
Okwenza le khonsoli ibe ekhethekile kangaka ukuthi ayigcini nje ngokwenza imiyalo elula; iphatha izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaxhumanisa imiyalo, uhlunge idatha, futhi udale izikripthi ezikwenzela umsebenzi onzima, okukuvumela ukuthi uphathe noma yini kusukela kufayela lombhalo elilula kuya kuyo yonke ingqalasizinda yeseva yebhizinisi ngaphandle kokususa iminwe yakho kukhibhodi.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Cmdlets
Ukuze ugweme ukulahleka kule ndawo yonke, into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi imiyalo lapha ibizwa ngokuthi ama-cmdlets . Umlingo usesakhiwo sawo esinengqondo sesenzo nebizo , esihlukaniswe yi-hyphen. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukuthola okuthile, uzosebenzisa isenzo esithi "Thola"; uma ufuna ukudala into, uzosebenzisa "Okusha". Lokhu kuvumelana kusho ukuthi, uma usuyitholile, ngeke kudingeke ubheke incwadi yemiyalelo.
Ngaphakathi kwale ndlela yokusebenza, kunezibizo ezingasho lutho , okuyizinqamuleli. Uma uvela eLinux noma kumyalo, uzozizwa usekhaya ngoba ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Linux ku-Windows futhi i-PowerShell izozihumushela ngokuzenzakalelayo kumyalo wangempela, okwenza kube lula ukufunda kulabo asebevele benolwazi ngezinye izikhombisi-ndlela.
Imiyalo ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke
Uma uqala, kunemiyalo emithathu efana nesinkwa nebhotela. Okokuqala, kukhona i-Get-Help , okuyiyona ncwadi yemiyalelo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi; uma ungazi ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani i-cmdlet, uyayibuza, futhi ikunikeza uhlelo lwemisho nezibonelo. Bese kuba khona i-Get-Command , efaneleka kakhulu uma ukhumbula igama elingukhiye kodwa hhayi igama eliqondile lomyalo, njengoba ibala zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo.
Kulabo abadinga ukuqaphela okwenzekayo kuma-PC abo, i-Get-Process kanye ne-Get-Service zibalulekile. Ngenkathi eyokuqala ikutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-RAM noma i-CPU, eyesibili ikutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo zesistimu ezisebenzayo noma ezimisiwe, okukusindisa ekuvuleni i-Task Manager enzima njalo ngemizuzu emibili.
Ukuphathwa kwefayela okuthuthukile nohla lwemibhalo
Ukuzulazula kumafolda kulula kakhulu nge -Set-Location (ukushintsha indlela) kanye ne-Get-ChildItem (ukubona okungaphakathi). Kodwa izinto ziyathakazelisa uma siqala ukuguqula idatha. Nge- New-Item sakha amafayela noma amafolda kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi nge -Copy-Item noma i-Move-Item sihlela isiphithiphithi ku-hard drive yethu.
Uma udinga ukufunda ifayela ngaphandle kokuvula i-Notepad, i-Get-Content ingumngane wakho omkhulu. Futhi uma ufuna ukwenza okuphambene nalokho—ukubhala idatha kufayela—ungasebenzisa i-Set-Content noma i-Add-Content . Ukuze uthole okuhlelekile, kukhona i-Out-File , ekuvumela ukuthi ulahle umphumela wanoma yimuphi umyalo ngqo kudokhumenti yombhalo, okubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni imibiko esheshayo.
Ukuphathwa kwenqubo kanye nensizakalo
Uma uhlelo lokusebenza luqina futhi lungasabeli, i-Stop-Process iyisisombululo esiqondile sokuluphoqa ukuthi luvale usebenzisa igama lenqubo noma i-ID. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma udinga ukuqalisa uhlelo, i-Start-Process yenza umsebenzi. Kumasevisi, i -Start-Service , i-Stop-Service , kanye ne-Restart-Service ezintathu zikuvumela ukuthi uphathe ukuqalisa kwe-Windows ngaphandle kokufinyelela isikhombikubona sesithombe.
Icebo elithuthukisiwe ukusetshenziswa kwe- Where-Object . Lo myalo usebenza njengesihlungi esinamandla esikuvumela, isibonelo, ukuthi ubhale kuphela izinqubo ezisebenzisa ngaphezu kwe-10% yememori noma izinsizakalo ezisesimweni "sokusebenza" , ulondoloze isikhathi ngokungadingi ukufunda uhlu olungapheli lwedatha engabalulekile.
Izinqubomgomo zokuphepha kanye nokuphoqelela
I-PowerShell akuyona umdlalo, yingakho inesistimu yokuphepha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Execution Policy . Awukwazi nje ukusebenzisa noma yisiphi iskripthi osithola ku-inthanethi ngezizathu ezisobala. Usebenzisa i-`Get-ExecutionPolicy` ungabona izinga lenqubomgomo yamanje, futhi nge -`Set-ExecutionPolicy` ungayishintsha ibe yimodi ethi "RemoteSigned" noma ethi "Unrestricted" uma uthemba ngokugcwele ikhodi ozoyisebenzisa.
Kulabo abafuna izinga lokuphepha elisezingeni lezimboni, amathuluzi afana ne -Set-AuthenticodeSignature akuvumela ukuthi usayine imibhalo ngedijithali. Ngale ndlela, noma ubani owamukelayo uzokwazi ukuthi ifayela alizange liphazanyiswe ku- . Kungenzeka futhi ukuphatha izimvume zefayela ngokulawula uhlu lokulawula ukufinyelela (ama-ACL) ngemiyalo ye-Get-ACL kanye ne-Set-ACL.
Ukuxhumana nokuphathwa okukude
Esinye sezici ezinamandla kakhulu yikhono lokulawula amanye amakhompyutha. Usebenzisa i-Enter-PSSession , ungavula ikhonsoli kuseva ekude bese wenza imiyalo njengokungathi uhleli phambi kwayo. Uma ukhetha ukungangeni ngemvume ngokusebenzisana, i- Invoke-Command ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe umyalo kumaseva amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyinzuzo yokuphatha okukhulu.
Ngokuphathelene nokuxhumana, i-Test-Connection inguqulo yesimanje ye-ping, ekuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi i-host iyaphendula. Kulabo abadinga ukuphenya kabanzi, i-Resolve-DnsName inhle kakhulu ekuhloleni ukulungiswa kwamagama nokuhlaziya amarekhodi e-DNS esizinda esithile, ngendlela efana nendlela imithetho ye-Windows Firewall ethuthukisiwe ehlelwe ngayo.
Amamojula akhethekile kanye necala le-DRDA
I-PowerShell ilula kakhulu ngenxa yamamojula. Isibonelo esihle yimojula ye -Microsoft.HostIntegration.PowerShell esetshenziswa kumasevisi e-DRDA. Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi uphathe ukucushwa kwesizindalwazi okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukuphatha ama-alias esizindalwazi kanye nokuguqulwa kosuku nesikhathi usebenzisa ama-cmdlet athile njenge-Set-HisDrdaService noma i-Get-HisDrdaSqlServerConnection.
Lezi zinhlobo zamamojula zivumela imisebenzi ethile kakhulu, njengokulungiselela i-Trace Listeners ukuqapha amaphutha ngesikhathi sangempela noma ukuphatha amakhasi ekhodi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha phakathi kwezinhlelo ezahlukene ayonakaliswa, okubonisa ukuthi ithuluzi lifanelekela izindawo ezibalulekile zebhizinisi.
Amaqhinga okulungisa amaphutha nokuqapha
Kwabathuthukisi besikripthi, ukuphathwa kwe-Debug-Process kanye ne-breakpoint nge -Enable-PSBreakpoint kubalulekile ekutholeni amaphutha kukhodi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umyalo we -Get-Counter ukuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe idatha yokusebenza kwesistimu ngesikhathi sangempela, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye izithiyo ze-CPU noma zediski ngaphandle kokufaka isofthiwe yangaphandle.
Uma udinga ukusula umlando wakho, i-`Clear-History` isusa imiyalo esetshenzisiwe kuseshini, kuyilapho i-`Get-History` ibuyisa uhlu lwalokho okwenzile. Ukuze umise ukusebenza kweskripthi futhi uvimbele ukugcwala kwesistimu, i-`Start-Sleep` iyisiqondiso esiphelele sokwethula ukubambezeleka kwemizuzwana embalwa.
Ukuqonda kahle la mathuluzi kushintsha indlela osebenzisana ngayo neWindows, kukuguqule ekubeni umsebenzisi ongasebenzi uye ekubeni umphathi okwaziyo ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphathwa kwamafayela, izinqubo, ukuphepha, kanye namanethiwekhi. Kusukela ekusebenziseni amagama angaziwa alula kuya ekusebenziseni iziginesha zedijithali kanye nokuphatha amaseva ukude, ukuguquguquka kwama-cmdlets kukuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise noma yikuphi ukuhamba komsebenzi kobuchwepheshe, uqinisekise ukuthi imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo iba izinqubo ezisheshayo nezinembile.
