Uzixazulula Kanjani Ikhibhodi noma Izinkinga Zegundane ku-Windows: Umhlahlandlela ophelele wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Wake wazibonela ukuthi ikhibhodi yakho noma igundane liyayeka ukusebenza kukhompyutha yakho ye-Windows? Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi uyakwenza, futhi awuwedwa. Lezi zinhlobo zamaphutha zivame ukusibamba lapho sizidinga kakhulu: ngenkathi sisebenza, sifunda, noma sibheka i-inthanethi. Ngenhlanhla, eziningi zalezi zinkinga zingaxazululeka futhi ngokuvamile azidingi ukuthi ube uchwepheshe wekhompyutha. Udinga nje isineke, ulandele iziqondiso ezithile, futhi wazi izizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi kungani lezi zingxenye ezithinta umngcele zingadala izinkinga.

Kulesi sihloko, uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele, ocacile, nowemvelo wokuthi ungahlonza kanjani, uhlonze, futhi uxazulule izinkinga zekhibhodi negundane ezingase zenzeke kunoma iyiphi inguqulo yesimanje ye-Windows. Uzothola amaqhinga akho kokubili okunezintambo namadivayisi angenawaya, amathiphu okuvimbela, izexwayiso mayelana namagciwane noma amaphutha okulungisa, izindlela zokuhlola ukuthi ingabe i-hardware noma ukwehluleka kwesofthiwe, kanye nokubuyekezwa okuphelele kwezinyathelo ezisebenza ngempela ngaphambi kokuthi ucabangele ukuthenga ama-peripherals amasha.

Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zezinkinga zekhibhodi negundane ku-Windows

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuxazulula noma iyiphi inkinga ukwazi ukuthi ibangelwa yini. Uma ikhibhodi yakho noma igundane liyeka ukusebenza kahle, kungase kube ngenxa yezinto eziningi. Nasi uhlu lwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu:

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• Izinkinga zomzimba noma zokuhlanza: Ukungcola, uthuli, izinsalela eziwuketshezi, noma izingxenye ezilimele zingavimbela ama-peripherals akho ekusebenzeni ngendlela okufanele asebenze ngayo. Inkinobho enamathiselwe noma ukhiye ongaphenduli ngokuvamile uyinkinga yenhlanzeko noma umonakalo wephutha.
• Amaphutha okuxhumana: Ikhebula le-USB elixegayo, imbobo eyonakele, ibhethri elifile, noma isamukeli esingenantambo sinqamuka ngephutha kuyizehlakalo ezivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma uhambisa ikhompuyutha yakho noma usebenzisa amadivaysi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukuhluleka komshayeli: IWindows ilawula amakhibhodi namagundane ngezinhlelo ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi abashayeli. Uma lezi zonakele, ziphelelwe yisikhathi, noma zifakwe ngokungalungile, zingabangela amaphutha futhi zivimbele ikhompuyutha ukuthi iwathole.
• Ukungalungiselelwa kahle ngemva kwesibuyekezo noma ushintsho lwehadiwe: Ukufaka ikhibhodi entsha, ukulungisa i-BIOS/UEFI, ukuxhuma amadivaysi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, noma ukuvuselela iWindows kungashintsha izilungiselelo zangaphambilini futhi kubangele izingxabano.
• Amagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma ukuphazamiseka kwesofthiwe: Akuyona into ejwayeleke kakhulu, kodwa kune-software enonya engavimba izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma ibangele ukwehluleka komshayeli.
• Ukuphazamiseka okungenantambo noma izinkinga ze-Bluetooth: Ifaneleka kakhulu emahhovisi noma ezindaweni ezinamadivaysi amaningi axhunyiwe. Amasignali angawela futhi enze okwesikhashana igundane lakho elingenantambo noma ikhibhodi ingasebenzi.
• Izimbobo ze-USB ezinephutha noma ezingenamandla: Uma izimbobo zinganikezi amandla anele, ama-peripheral azoyeka ukuphendula. Imodi yokonga amandla ingaba yimbangela.
• Izinkinga ngezibuyekezo noma izici zokonga amandla: Ezinye izici ezifana ne-USB Selective Suspend noma i-Windows Fast Startup zingase zinqamule amadivayisi ukuze zisindise ukuphila kwebhethri, kodwa bese zehluleke ukuzivusa ngendlela efanele.

Izinyathelo zokuqala zokuxilonga izinkinga zekhibhodi negundane ku-Windows

Uma ikhibhodi yakho noma igundane libonakala lingaphili, Ngaphambi kokwethuka, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa umthombo wokwehluleka ngokulandela indlela elula. ukwazi ukuthi sibhekene nenkinga yehadiwe, isoftware, ukumisa noma inkinga yokungcola. Nansi indlela eqinisekisiwe:

• Hlola isimo sakho somzimba: Hlola ikhibhodi yakho negundane ukuze uthole izingxenye ezivulekile noma okhiye, izimpawu zokungcola, noma izinsalela eziwuketshezi. Ukuhlanza ngokucophelela kuvame ukwenza izimangaliso. Ungasebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe, ibhulashi elincane, noma uphendule ikhibhodi uyibhekise phansi bese uyinyakazisa kahle.
• Hlola uxhumano: Uma kungamadivayisi e-USB, yinqamule bese uwaxhuma kabusha. baxhume kwesinye ichweba. Uma kungenazintambo, hlola amabhethri bese uqinisekisa ukuthi isamukeli se-USB sifakwe kahle ku-PC.
• Shintsha imbobo noma ikhompuyutha: Zama ikhibhodi noma i-mawusi kwenye ikhompuyutha (noma zama amanye ama-peripheral kukhompyutha yakho). Uma zisebenza kwenye i-PC, umthombo uhlelo lwakho; Uma kungenjalo, i-hardware cishe inephutha.
• Buka umbala wezibani ze-LED: Amakhibhodi amaningi namagundane anezibani ezincane ezibonisa ukuthi avuliwe/ayashaja. Uma zingakhanyi, kungenzeka ukuthi inkinga itholakala kugesi.
• Susa amanye amadivayisi e-USB: Ukushiya kuphela ikhibhodi noma igundane lixhumekile kusiza ukulawula ukungqubuzana namanye ama-peripheral.

Izixazululo ezisebenzayo zezinkinga ezijwayelekile zekhibhodi negundane ku-Windows

Usuvele uqinisekise ukuthi ikhibhodi yakho noma igundane libonakala lingenawo umonakalo emzimbeni noma ukungcola, futhi usola ukuthi inkinga ilele ekucushweni, izishayeli, noma uhlelo. Nalu uhlu lwezinyathelo, ezi-odwe kusukela emathubeni amaningi kakhulu ukuya emancane kakhulu, avame ukuxazulula inkinga:

1. Nqamula futhi uxhume kabusha idivayisi

Nqamula ikhibhodi noma igundane ngokuphelele bese uyixhuma kabusha kwenye imbobo ye-USB. Kuyinto yakudala. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola zombili izimbobo zangaphambili nezingemuva ze-PC yakho, njengoba ezinye zingase zilimale noma zinganikezi amandla anele.

2. Shintsha amabhethri noma shaje ibhethri

Kumadivayisi angenantambo noma e-Bluetooth, Ibhethri eliphansi ngokuvamile liyimbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka kwezikhawu. Zama amabhethri amasha noma xhuma idivayisi kushaja bese ulinda ukuthi ifinyelele ku-100%.

3. Qala kabusha ikhompuyutha yakho (kodwa sebenzisa ukuqalisa phansi, hhayi nje ukucisha/ukuvula!)

Abasebenzisi abaningi bavala ikhompuyutha yabo futhi baphinde bayivule, kodwa lokhu akufani nokuyiqala kabusha. I-Windows igcina idatha kumemori ngesikhathi sokuvala shaqa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke sebenzisa umsebenzi othi "Qalisa kabusha" ukuze uphoqelele ukulayishwa kabusha kwesistimu namashayeli.

4. Hlola kwimodi ephephile

Ku I-Safe Mode ilayisha kuphela abashayeli be-Microsoft abayisisekelo nabasemthethweni. Uma ikhibhodi noma igundane lisebenza lapha, inkinga ngokuvamile umshayeli wenkampani yangaphandle, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma ukungahambisani nesofthiwe efakiwe.

5. Khipha futhi ufake kabusha abashayeli

Uma kungekho okushintshayo ngemva kwezinyathelo ezedlule, finyelela Isiphathi Sedivayisi (sesha "Isiphathi Sedivayisi" kubha yokusesha ye-Windows), thola ikhibhodi yakho noma igundane, chofoza kwesokudla, bese ukhetha "Khipha idivayisi." Lapho iqala kabusha, iWindows izobona ihadiwe bese ifaka kabusha abashayeli ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma idivayisi yakho inezici ezithuthukile, vakashela iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi ukuze ulande izishayeli zakamuva.

6. Vuselela iWindows namashayeli

Izibuyekezo zeWindows zixazulula izinkinga eziningi zomshayeli nokuhambisana. Iya kokuthi Izilungiselelo > Ukubuyekeza & nokuphepha > Hlola izibuyekezo. Faka zonke izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo. Yenza okufanayo ngekhibhodi yakho kanye nezishayeli zegundane ezivela kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi uma uzisebenzisa ngesofthiwe ethile (imidlalo, amakhibhodi ahlelekayo, njll.).

7. Hlola izici ezonga amandla

Izindlela zokonga amandla zingakwazi khubaza izimbobo ze-USB ukuze wonge ibhethri, ikakhulukazi kumalaptop. Khubaza izici ezifana nokumisa okwesikhashana okukhethiwe kwe-USB noma Ukuphatha Amandla Eqile kokuthi Iphaneli Yokulawula > Izinketho Zamandla, futhi kokuthi Isiphathi Sedivayisi, hlola ithebhu "Ukuphathwa kwamandla" ku-"USB Root Hub" ngayinye.

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8. Hlola izilungiselelo zakho zokufinyeleleka

Izinketho ezithile ezifana Okhiye bokuhlunga o Izinkinobho ezikhethekile kungabangela okhiye noma izinhlanganisela ukuthi zingaphenduli. Iya kokuthi Iphaneli Yokulawula > Ukufinyelela Kalula > Shintsha indlela ikhibhodi esebenza ngayo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi lezi zinketho azivulwanga uma ungazidingi.

9. Setha kabusha i-BIOS/UEFI noma hlola izilungiselelo zayo

Kwesinye isikhathi isibuyekezo se-BIOS/UEFI noma ushintsho lungabangela izimbobo ze-USB ukuthi zingawaboni ama-peripheral. Setha kabusha i-BIOS kuzilungiselelo zayo ezizenzakalelayo ngokuvamile ilungisa lezi zinkinga, kodwa yenza lokhu kuphela uma unolwazi oluncane, njengoba ungase udinge ukulungisa kabusha izilungiselelo ezibalulekile.

10. Buyela endaweni yangaphambilini yokubuyisela

Uma inkinga iqale ngemuva kokubuyekezwa noma ukufakwa kohlelo, ungakwazi ukubuyisela isistimu endaweni yangaphambilini lapho konke kwakusebenza. Sesha "Iphoyinti Lokubuyisela" kubha yokusesha ye-Windows bese ulandela izinyathelo zewizadi.

11. Qalisa isilungisimaphutha sehadiwe

IWindows ihlanganisa ithuluzi ukuthi ixilonga ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ilungise amaphutha avamile. Qalisa umyalo msdt.exe -id DeviceDiagnostic kusuka ku-Run menu (Windows key + R) bese ulandela imiyalelo yewizadi.

Izinkinga ezithile nezisombululo kumakhibhodi

Kunezimo lapho ikhibhodi ibonisa amaphutha athile, afana nokhiye abathile kuphela abangasebenzi, noma ukwakheka kushintshe kungahlosiwe. Kulezi zimo, kunezinye izixazululo eziphathekayo:

• Okhiye abangaphenduli noma abangathumeli izinhlamvu ezingalungile: Cishe kungenxa yokungcola. Yenza ukuhlanza okujulile, uma kunesidingo susa okhiye, kodwa wenze lokho ngokucophelela. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zamahhala ezifana ne-KeyMapper zikuvumela ukuthi unikeze kabusha imisebenzi kokhiye abalimele.
• Isakhiwo sekhibhodi sishintshile: Cindezela i-Windows + Spacebar ukuze ushintshe phakathi kwezilimi ezifakiwe. Uma lokho kungasebenzi, iya kokuthi Izilungiselelo > Isikhathi nolimi > Ulimi ukuze wengeze noma ushintshe ulimi lwekhibhodi.
• Ikhibhodi "ikhiyiwe": Sebenzisa ukhiye we-Fn kanye ne-Scroll Lock noma i-Num Lock ukuze uyivule.
• Isihlungi noma okhiye abakhethekile benziwe basebenza: Zikhubaze kokuthi Iphaneli Yokulawula > Ukufinyeleleka > Shintsha indlela ikhibhodi esebenza ngayo.
• Izinkinga ngemuva kokuchitheka koketshezi: Khipha ikhibhodi ngokushesha, ihlanze, bese uyeke yome amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa futhi. Uma umonakalo uqhubeka, cishe uzodinga ukushintshwa.

Izinkinga ezijwayelekile nezisombululo ngamagundane

Amagundane angakwazi futhi ukwehluleka ngokwesimo, womabili amamodeli anentambo nangenawaya. Lawa amaphutha avame kakhulu nokuthi angawaxazulula kanjani:

• Ikhesa ayinyakazi noma ihamba ngendlela engaqondakali: Ngokuvamile kungenxa yokungcola kwenzwa. Hlanza indawo engezansi ngokucophelela futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa igundane ezindaweni ezikhanyayo noma ezingalingani.
• Inkinobho ephakathi (isondo) ishintsha amafasitela "kuphela": Lokhu kwenzeka uma ucindezela isondo ngephutha, okubangela ukuthi iWindows ishintshe izinhlelo. Enza ngendlela oyifisayo izilungiselelo kusuka kusofthiwe yakho yokuphatha igundane (uma unayo), noma vala umsebenzi wenkinobho yesondo.
• Izinkinga zokuskrola kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza: Yenza ngokwezifiso ukusebenzisana kwesondo kwalezo zinhlelo kusukela kusikhungo sezilungiselelo zegundane lakho, uma imodeli yakho nesofthiwe ikuvumela.
• Ukuchofoza kuqoshwa ngendlela engaqondakali: Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okungenantambo, ileveli yebhethri ephansi, noma ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba ezinkinobho.

Izixazululo ezithuthukile namacala angajwayelekile

Uma ngemuva kwazo zonke izinyathelo ezingenhla kwekhibhodi noma igundane lisafile, Kusenezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe ongazihlola ngaphambi kokuphonsa ithawula:

• Hlola amadivayisi ngeseshini ebukhoma ye-Linux: Qalisa ikhompuyutha yakho kudrayivu ye-USB ene-Linux Live distro (efana ne-Ubuntu). Uma zisebenza ku-Linux, i-hardware ilungile futhi inkinga iku-Windows.
• Khubaza i-Windows Fast Startup Mode: Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sici sidala ukuthi abashayeli bangaqali kahle. Iya kokuthi Iphaneli Yokulawula > Izinketho Zamandla > Khetha ukuthi izinkinobho zamandla zenzani bese uyivala.
• Qalisa ukuhlolwa kwediski kanye nesistimu: Sebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-chkdsk kusukela kulayini womyalo ukuze ukhiphe inkohlakalo yefayela ethinta abashayeli abayinhloko.
• Shintsha izilungiselelo ze-BIOS/UEFI: Ungase udinge ukunika amandla usekelo Lwefa le-USB noma ukhubaze amasevisi avimbela i-Windows ekuboneni igundane lakho nekhibhodi.
• Setha kabusha noma faka kabusha iWindows: Uma kungekho okunye okusebenzile futhi ama-peripherals asebenza endaweni ye-Linux Live noma kumodi ephephile, isisombululo esikhulu ukusetha kabusha isistimu noma ukufaka i-Windows ehlanzekile.

Ukuvimbela, amathiphu kanye nezexwayiso ukugwema izinkinga ezizayo

Nakuba amaphutha amaningi engaxazululwa, Kuhlale kungcono kakhulu ukuwavimba ukuthi angaveli ngokulandela iziqondiso ezithile zokunakekela nokunakekela ama-peripherals akho.

• Ukuhlanza ngezikhathi ezithile: Ungalindi ukuthi okhiye banamathele noma igundane lakho liyeke ukuntweza. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kwandisa impilo yehadiwe yakho.
• Ungalayishi kakhulu izimbobo ze-USB: Uma udinga ukuxhuma amadivayisi amaningi, sebenzisa ihabhu le-USB elizishayelayo ukuze ugweme izinkinga zamandla.
• Buyekeza iWindows nabashayeli ngezikhathi ezithile: Thatha ithuba lezibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo, kodwa hlola mathupha uma unezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ezikhethekile noma zokudlala.
• Yiba nekhibhodi eyisipele noma igundane: Esimeni esiphuthumayo, ukuba ne-peripheral engabizi njalo kusiza ukukhipha izinkinga ze-hardware.
• Gwema ukuphazamiseka okungenantambo: Gcina abamukeli bekude nemithombo yesignali enamandla njengamarutha noma ama-microwave uma usebenzisa amadivayisi angenantambo.
• Qaphela izinhlelo ezingathembekile: Faka abashayeli nezinsiza kuphela emithonjeni esemthethweni ukuze ugweme ukungqubuzana kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha noma isofthiwe.
• Khubaza amamodi okonga amandla kuma-peripheral owasebenzisa njalo: Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izimbobo zakho ze-USB azinqamuki ngokungalindelekile.
• Njalo hlola iwaranti ngaphambi kokuthenga amapheripheral amasha: Cishe bonke abakhiqizi banikeza okungenani iminyaka emibili ngokomthetho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa kanye nokulungiswa okusheshayo kwezinkinga zekhibhodi negundane ku-Windows

Ukuze usule noma yikuphi ukungabaza, nansi inhlanganisela yemibuzo evame ukubuzwa abasebenzisi abanayo mayelana nezindaba zekhibhodi negundane ku-Windows:

• Kungani igundane lami nekhibhodi iyeka ukuphendula ngemva kokubuyekeza iWindows? Kuvamile ukuthi isibuyekezo sibangele izinkinga zokuhambisana nabashayeli abadala. Isixazululo: Buyekeza abashayeli bakho kusuka kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi futhi uhlole izici zokonga amandla.
• Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani i-PC yami uma ikhibhodi ingasebenzi? Ungakwazi ukunika amandla ikhibhodi ekusikrini kusukela esigabeni sokufinyeleleka kokuthi Izilungiselelo zeWindows. Ngale ndlela ungakwazi ukuzulazula ngegundane ngenkathi uxazulula inkinga.
• Ngenzenjani uma okhiye abathile kuphela kukhibhodi behluleka? Ngokuvamile ukungcola noma umonakalo owenziwe wasendaweni. Zama ukwenza kabusha imisebenzi ngesofthiwe efana ne-KeyMapper, kodwa cabanga ukuyishintsha uma ingakulungisi.
• Kusho ukuthini uma ikhibhodi "ikhiyiwe"? Ukukhiya inombolo noma ukhiye we-Fn cishe uvuliwe. Zama ukucindezela kokubili ukuze uyivule.
• Kungani igundane lami elingenantambo lisebenza ngezikhathi ezithile? Kungaba ibhethri eliphansi, ukuphazamiseka, noma isignali ebuthakathaka. Qiniseka ukuthi unomugqa wokubona oqondile phakathi komamukeli negundane, nokuthi usebenzisa amabhethri amahle.

Ukucatshangelwa kwezomthetho kanye newaranti

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi emazweni amaningi, Ama-peripherals anewaranti esemthethweni yeminyaka engu-2 okungenani. kusukela ngedethi yokuthenga. Uma ngemva kokuhlola konke okungenhla ikhibhodi noma igundane kungasebenzi futhi ungaphakathi kwaleso sikhathi, xhumana nomkhiqizi noma isitolo ukuze uhlele ukukhanda noma ukushintshwa.

Amabhrendi aziwayo ngokuvamile anikezela ngosekelo lwawo futhi angakuthumela izingxenye ezishintshayo noma ama-peripheral amasha uma iphutha libangelwa iphutha lasefekthri.

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Iningi lezinkinga ezingavela ngekhibhodi noma ngegundane ku-Windows zinesixazululo esifinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu. Kusuka hlola ukuxhumana namadivayisi ahlanzekilephezulu Buyekeza abashayeli, sebenzisa amamodi aphephile, futhi ubuyisele isistimu, izindlela ezichaziwe zihlanganisa cishe zonke izenzakalo.

Ukwenza ngokuzola nangokuhlelekile kuvame ukuholela esixazululweni ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinsizakalo ezibizayo zobuchwepheshe noma ukutholwa. Khumbula, futhi, ukuthi ukuvimbela nokunakekelwa okuvamile kungabaza bakho abakhulu ukuze ugweme izinto ezingalindelekile ezingemnandi esikhathini esizayo. Yabelana ngalolu lwazi ukuze abasebenzisi abengeziwe bakwazi ukufunda ukuxazulula izinkinga zekhibhodi negundane ku-Windows..