Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezandiso Zamafayela ku-Windows

  • Isandiso siyisijobelelo esivumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lubone uhlobo lwefayela kanye nesofthiwe efanele yokulivula.
  • Ku-Windows, la malebula avame ukufihlwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, yize kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa ngezizathu zokuphepha nezokuhlela.
  • Ukushintsha isandiso sefayela ngesandla akushintshi okuqukethwe kwangaphakathi kwalo, okungabangela amaphutha esikhathi sokusebenza.
Isaac

Imizuzu ye-6

I-laptop edeskini lehhovisi lesimanje nelihlelekile, ilungele ukwethula ukuzulazula kwamafolda ku-Windows.

Uma siphequlula amafolda ku-PC yethu, kuvamile ukubona amagama efayela aphela ngezinhlamvu ezimbalwa ezihlukaniswe ungqimba. Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi singayinaki le mininingwane, lezo zinhlamvu ziyizandiso zamafayela , ingxenye ebalulekile evimbela uhlelo lokusebenza ukuthi lungadideki futhi iqinisekise ukuthi iyazi kahle ukuthi yenzeni ngedatha ngayinye esiyigcinayo ku-hard drive.

Ngokuyisisekelo, zisebenza njengethegi yobunikazi. Ngaphandle kwazo, iWindows ibingeke yazi ukuthi ifayela liyisithombe, ingoma, noma i-malware, futhi bekuzodingeka izame ukuqagela noma ukusibuza njalo uma sichofoza kabili. Ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinhlamvu ezincane zisebenza kanjani kusenza sikwazi ukuphatha kangcono ulwazi lwethu , futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, sizulazule ohlelweni ngokuphephile kakhulu.

Ungaluphatha kanjani uhlelo lwe-RAID ku-Windows 11
I-athikili ehlobene:
Amaqhinga athuthukile abalulekile wokwenza kahle i-File Explorer ku Windows 11

La malebula asebenza kanjani ngempela?

Isandiso siyisijobelelo esivame ukuba phakathi kwezinhlamvu ezimbili nezine ubude. Inhloso yaso eyinhloko ukuxhumanisa ifayela nohlelo lokusebenza oluthile. Isibonelo, uma unefayela elibizwa ngokuthi "i-vacation.jpg", uhlelo lubona i-".jpg" bese luqalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlelo lombukeli wesithombe noma uhlelo lokupenda. Uma ifayela liphela ngo-".docx", lizokwazi ukuvula i-Microsoft Word.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kohlobo lwefayela kanye nesandiso. Nakuba zingase zibonakale zifana, uhlobo lwefayela lubhekisela kuhlobo lwedatha (njengedokhumenti yombhalo), kuyilapho isandiso siwukumelwa kombhalo kwalolo hlobo. Umbono ovamile oyiphutha ukuthi uma uqamba kabusha igama elithi "document.txt" libe yi-"document.pdf," ifayela seliphenduke i-PDF ngokuyisimangaliso; lokhu kungamanga, njengoba okuqukethwe kwangaphakathi kuhlala kungumbhalo ocacile , futhi noma yiluphi uhlelo oluzama ukuluvula luzobuyisa iphutha ngoba idatha ayifani nohlobo lwefayela.

Ukubuka nokuphatha ku-Windows Explorer

Ukusondela kwe-USB memory stick exhunywe kwikhompyutha, okubonisa ukuphathwa kwamafayela kanye nokugcinwa kwedatha.

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, iMicrosoft inqume ukuthi kungcono ukufihla lezi zandiso ukuze ivimbele abasebenzisi ukuthi bazisuse ngephutha. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili. Ukuze uvumele ukubonakala kwazo ku-Windows 10 noma 11, mane uye ku-File Explorer, chofoza ithebhu ethi Buka , bese uhlola ibhokisi elithi "Izandiso zegama lefayela" . Kulabo abafuna amandla engeziwe, kunezinye izindlela ezinhle kakhulu kune-Windows 11 File Explorer.

I-Windows QuickLook Instant File Preview
I-athikili ehlobene:
I-QuickLook ye-Windows: Ukuhlola kuqala ifayela elisheshayo

Ukuvumela lokhu kusebenze kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwe-cyber. Amagciwane amaningi azifihla ngokushintsha isithonjana sawo ukuze sibukeke njengesithombe, kodwa uma sinezandiso zamafayela ezivuliwe, sizobona ukuthi ifayela libizwa ngokuthi "photo.jpg.exe". Uma siqaphela ukuthi liphela ngo -.exe (ifayela elisebenzisekayo) , sizobona ngokushesha ukuthi akusona isithombe nokuthi kungcono ukungasivuli ukuze kuvinjelwe i-malware ukuthi ingangeni kukhompyutha.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizenzakalelayo

Indawo yokusebenza ephumelelayo ene-laptop nenkomishi yekhofi, emele ukwenziwa ngcono komsebenzi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo.

I-Windows isebenzisa irejista yangaphakathi elandelela ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo oluvula isandiso sefayela ngalinye. Kodwa-ke, ungaba nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningana ezikwazi ukufunda ifomethi efanayo. Uma ufuna ukushintsha uhlelo lokusebenza oluzenzakalelayo, mane uchofoze kwesokudla kufayela, ukhethe okuthi "Vula nge," bese ukhetha okuthi "Khetha olunye uhlelo lokusebenza," uhlole ibhokisi ukuze ulisebenzise njalo.

Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu uma ufaka isofthiwe yobungcweti. Isibonelo, umuntu osebenzisa i-Photoshop uzothanda ukuthi wonke amafayela akhe ".psd" avuleke ngalolo hlelo kunokuba avuleke ngesibukeli esijwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela enze ngcono ukuhamba komsebenzi wakhe kwansuku zonke.

Umfanekiso we-3D wamafayela acindezelwe
I-athikili ehlobene:
Izinhlelo ezinhle kakhulu zokuphatha amafayela acindezelwe ku-Windows

Isichazamazwi esiphelele sezandiso ezivamile

Ikhodi yokuhlela enemibala esikrinini, emele ingxenye yamafomethi efayela lewebhu njenge-HTML, CSS, kanye ne-JS.

Indawo yonke yamafomethi inkulu kakhulu, kodwa singawahlanganisa ukuze siwaqonde kangcono. Ngezansi, sichaza afaneleke kakhulu ngokwemisebenzi yawo:

Amadokhumenti kanye nokuzenzakalela kweHhovisi

  • .txtUmbhalo ocacile ngaphandle kokufometha, oyisisekelo kunazo zonke.
  • .docx / .doc: Indinganiso ye-Microsoft Word yamadokhumenti acebile.
  • .xlsx / .xlsAmaspredishithi e-Excel, abalulekile kudatha yezinombolo.
  • .pptx / .pptIzethulo ze-PowerPoint.
  • .pdf: Ifomethi ye-Adobe ebanzi egcina umklamo wokuqala kunoma iyiphi idivayisi.
  • .rtfIfomethi yombhalo ocebile iyahambisana cishe nanoma iyiphi iprosesa yamagama.
  • .odt / .ods / .odpVula amafomethi asetshenziswa yi-LibreOffice kanye ne-OpenOffice.

Izithombe Nemidwebo

  • .jpg / .jpeg: Esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthwebuleni izithombe ngenxa yokulinganisela kwayo phakathi kwekhwalithi nesisindo.
  • .pngKuhle kakhulu kumawebhusayithi njengoba kuvumela izizinda ezisobala.
  • .gifIdume ngezithombe zayo ezilula kanye nemibala elinganiselwe.
  • .bmp: I-bitmap endala, esindayo kakhulu futhi engasetshenziswa kakhulu.
  • .tiffIkhwalithi ephezulu, ivame kakhulu emhlabeni wokunyathelisa kochwepheshe.
  • .svgIzithombe zevekhtha ezingalahlekelwa yikhwalithi uma zikhulisiwe.
  • .webpIndinganiso entsha ye-Google yokwenza ngcono ukulayisha izithombe kwi-inthanethi.
  • .psd: Ifayela lokusebenza lendabuko le-Adobe Photoshop.

Umsindo nevidiyo

  • .mp3Inkosi yomculo ocindezelwe.
  • .wav: Umsindo ongacindezelwanga, onekhwalithi ephezulu kodwa amafayela amakhulu.
  • .aac / .m4aAmafomethi enziwe kahle, avame kakhulu kumadivayisi e-Apple.
  • .ogg: Ifomethi evulekile nekhululekile, esetshenziswa kabanzi yiSpotify.
  • .mp4Indinganiso yamanje yevidiyo iyahambisana cishe nayo yonke into.
  • .avi: Ifomethi ye-Windows yakudala, yize isilahlekelwe yi-mp4.
  • .mov: Ifomethi yomdabu ye-QuickTime (Apple).
  • .mkvIsitsha esiguquguqukayo esingabamba amathrekhi amaningi omsindo kanye nemibhalo engezansi.

Izinhlelo, Ama-executable kanye namafayela acindezelwe

  • .exe: Amafayela asebenzisekayo afaka noma aqala izinhlelo.
  • .msiAmaphakheji okufaka i-Windows Installer.
  • .batAmafayela eqembu asebenzisa uchungechunge lwemiyalo ngokulandelana.
  • .dllAmalabhulali aqukethe imisebenzi eyabelwana ngezinhlelo eziningana.
  • .isys: Amafayela esistimu yokusebenza abalulekile.
  • .zipIfomethi yokucindezela ebanzi kakhulu.
  • .rar: Isici sokucindezela esisebenza kahle kakhulu WinRAR.
  • .7zInketho enamandla kakhulu yomthombo ovulekile eyenziwe ngu I-7-Zip ne-PeaZip.
  • .isoIsithombe esinembile sediski ye-CD noma ye-DVD.

Iwebhu kanye nezinye izinhlobo

  • .html / .htmUlimi oluyisisekelo lwawo wonke amakhasi ewebhu.
  • .csAmashidi esitayela achaza ukubukeka kwewebhusayithi.
  • .jsAmafayela e-JavaScript ukuze wengeze ukusebenzisana.
  • .xmlUlimi lwe-markup lokwakha idatha.
  • .phpUlimi lokuhlela oluseceleni kweseva.
Ungawavula kanjani amafayela e-CBR ne-CBZ-0
I-athikili ehlobene:
Uwavula kanjani amafayela we-CBR ne-CBZ

Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza

Isikrini sekhompyutha esinombhalo mayelana nokuphepha kwe-cyber, okubonisa ukubaluleka kokuvumela izandiso ukugwema i-malware namafayela asebenzisekayo afihliwe.

Ngokungafani neWindows, izinhlelo ezifana ne-macOS ne-Linux zisebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-MIME . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ulwazi mayelana nohlobo lwefayela lugcinwa kusihloko sangaphakathi sefayela (okuthiwa "izinombolo zomlingo"). Ngakho-ke, ezinhlelweni ezifana ne-Linux, lapho izimfanelo zefayela zingaphathwa khona kusukela ku-terminal , ifayela alikwazi ukuba nesandiso futhi uhlelo luzokwazi kahle ukuthi isithombe noma ividiyo, njengoba lufunda okuqukethwe kwangempela hhayi igama kuphela.

Ukwazi kahle ukusetshenziswa kwezandiso zamafayela kukuvumela ukuthi uhlele kangcono ikhompyutha yakho futhi ugweme izingozi zokuphepha ngokuhlonza ama-executable afihliwe. Kusukela kumafayela alula ".txt" kuya ezitsheni eziyinkimbinkimbi ".mkv", isandiso ngasinye sifeza indima ethile esisiza ukuxhumana phakathi kwehadiwe nesofthiwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke idatha icutshungulwa ngethuluzi elifanele.

I-Steam Windows 10
I-athikili ehlobene:
Qinisekisa ubuqotho befayela nge-Sigcheck ku-Windows

Engeza njengomthombo okhethwayo ku-Google