Kulezi zinsuku, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo zamafu sekuphenduke isixazululo esibalulekile ezinkampanini nakubasebenzisi. befuna ukuthuthukisa imisebenzi yabo yedijithali. Ngenxa ye-cloud computing, kungenzeka ukuthi ufinyelele izinsiza zekhompiyutha ngaphandle kokugcina ingqalasizinda yakho, okuyinto ukunciphisa izindleko y kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka. Ukwamukelwa okukhulayo kwalezi zinsizakalo kuye kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamamodeli namasu ahlukene, ngalinye lakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zebhizinisi.
I-cloud computing universe ihlukaniswe izigaba eziningi, kusukela kumamodeli wokuqalisa kuya ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezinsizakalo. Ngamunye unikeza izinzuzo y izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukile lokho kungenza umehluko ku ukuphathwa kwezobuchwepheshe wenkampani. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe okuhlukile izinhlobo zezinsizakalo zamafu, izici zayo, ukusebenza nezinzuzo.
Yini i-cloud computing?
I-Cloud computing imodeli yobuchwepheshe evumela ukufinyelela kuzinsiza zekhompuyutha nge-inthanethi., ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba ngumnikazi ngokoqobo wamaseva noma ingqalasizinda. Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa amathuluzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisingathwa kumaseva akude, bakhokhele abakudlayo kuphela.
Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, i-cloud computing ine yaguqula indlela amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye abasebenzisa ngayo ubuchwepheshe. Esikhundleni sokutshala imali enkulu kuhadiwe nesoftware, Izinhlangano zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zazo ngezixazululo ezilula nezisebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zalezi zinsizakalo zinikeza izinketho, okwenza kube lula nakakhulu ukuzisebenzisa.
Izinhlobo zamafu ku-Cloud Computing
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamafu kukhompyutha yamafu, ngayinye yakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezihlukene namaleveli okuphepha:
- Ifu Lomphakathi: Kule modeli, izinsiza ezifana namaseva nesitoreji ziphethwe umhlinzeki wenkampani yangaphandle futhi zabiwa phakathi kwamakhasimende amaningi. Izibonelo zifaka i-Google Cloud, I-Microsoft Azure kanye ne-Amazon Web Services (AWS).
- Ifu langasese: Lena ingqalasizinda esetshenziswa inhlangano eyodwa kuphela. Ihlinzeka ukulawula okuningi y ukuphepha, ilungele izinkampani ezinezidingo eziqinile zokulawula.
- I-Hybrid Cloud: Ihlanganisa amafu omphakathi nawangasese, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuguquguqukayo kwazo zombili izindawo ngokuya ngezidingo zenkampani, okuphinde kuhlobane nomqondo we isitoreji samafu esixubile.
- I-Multicloud: Kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo eziningana ezivela kubahlinzeki abahlukene, okuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ngokunenzuzo amakhono ahlukene kwezobuchwepheshe futhi ugweme ukuncika kumphakeli oyedwa.
Amamodeli Wesevisi Yamafu
Yonke inhlangano idinga amazinga ahlukene okulawula amafu nokuphatha. Ngakho-ke, zikhona amamodeli amathathu amakhulu wesevisi yamafu:
Ingqalasizinda njengesevisi (IaaS)
I-IAaS inikeza izinsiza ezibalulekile zekhompyutha, njengamaseva, isitoreji namanethiwekhi, okuvumela izinkampani ukuthi ziqhube ezazo izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Kule modeli, umphakeli unakekela ihadiwe nengqalasizinda, kuyilapho iklayenti liphethe isofthiwe nokucushwa kwemvelo.
Izibonelo ze-IaaS zifaka i-Amazon Web Services (AWS), i-Google Cloud Platform (GCP), ne-Microsoft Azure. Kubalulekile futhi ukusho ukuthi amathuluzi afana ne ideskithophu elikude zivele ngenxa yalezi zinsizakalo.
Inkundla njengesevisi (i-PaaS)
I-PaaS iyisixazululo esinikeza indawo ephelele yokuthuthukiswa, okukuvumela ukuthi wakhe, uhlole, futhi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngengqalasizinda eyisisekelo. Ilungele abathuthukisi abafuna ukugxila ezinhlelweni ngaphandle kokubhekana nokuphathwa kweseva.
Ezinye izinketho ezidumile ze-PaaS zifaka i-Google App Engine, i-Microsoft Azure App Service, kanye ne-Red Hat OpenShift. Lolu hlobo lwezinsizakalo lungase luhlanganise nezinketho zokuhlanganisa amamojula azenzakalelayo emisebenzini yabo.
Isoftware njengesevisi (SaaS)
I-SaaS iyizinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuthatha ngaphakathi kwekhompyutha yamafu., njengoba ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele isofthiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngokuqondile nge-inthanethi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufakwa. Lezi zixazululo zivame ukulandela a imodeli yokubhalisa futhi bakhona kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi uphathe.
Izibonelo ezijwayelekile ze-SaaS zifaka i-Google Drayivu, iDropbox, iMicrosoft 365, ne-Salesforce. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuluzi afana ne-Google Photos akwenza kube lula gcina izithombe ukuze zifihle Ngendlela elula.
Izinzuzo ze-Cloud Computing
- Ukwehluka: Ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise izinsiza ngokuya ngesidingo sebhizinisi.
- Ukwehliswa kwezindleko: Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwengqalasizinda kuyagwenywa.
- Ukufinyeleleka: Amasevisi angafinyelelwa noma yikuphi ngoxhumano lwe-inthanethi.
- Ukusebenzisana: Isiza ukusebenzisana kweqembu, ivumela ulwazi ukuthi lwabiwe ngesikhathi sangempela.
- Ezokuphepha: Abahlinzeki baqinisekisa izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe.
Izibonelo Zamasevisi Amafu Wamabhizinisi
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo zamafu kusabalele ezindaweni eziningi zebhizinisi, ezinikezayo izixazululo ezithile kuzo zonke izidingo. Ezinye zezinsizakalo eziphawuleka kakhulu yilezi:
- Ikhophi yasenqolobaneni njengesevisi (i-BaaS): Izipele zamafu ukuze kuvikelwe idatha ebalulekile.
- Ukutholwa Kwezinhlekelele Njengesevisi (i-DRaaS): Ivumela ukutholwa kwedatha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka kwehlulekile.
- Ideskithophu njengesevisi (i-DaaS): Amadeskithophu abonakalayo afinyeleleka kunoma iyiphi idivayisi.
- Ukufunda ngomshini njengesevisi (MLaaS): Amathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa atholakala emafini.
Izixazululo zamafu ziguqule indlela izinkampani ezisebenza ngayo nokuphatha izinsiza zabo zobuchwepheshe. Siyabonga ku ukuguquguquka, ukukhubazeka y ukuphepha abakunikezayo, amabhizinisi amaningi akhetha ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe benze lula futhi bathuthukise izinqubo zabo. Ngamamodeli amafu ahlukene kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinsizakalo ezitholakalayo, noma iyiphi inhlangano ingathola isisombululo esiphelele ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zayo.