Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa budlulele ngale kokuba yisithembiso futhi sebuyindlela yobuchwepheshe ehlanganisa yonke indawo eguqula indlela esisebenza ngayo, esisungula ngayo izinto ezintsha, futhi esisebenzisana ngayo nolwazi. Kodwa-ke, amandla afanayo aguqula umkhiqizo webhizinisi nawo aguqula isimo sengozi yokuphepha kwe-inthanethi. Ezinyangeni zamuva nje, ochwepheshe baxwayise ngokuthi i-AI ayigcini nje ngokwenza umsebenzi wezigebengu ze-inthanethi ube lula, kodwa futhi iphinda ikhulise ikhono lazo lokuqalisa ukuhlaselwa okusheshayo, okushibhile, nokunzima ukukubona.
Idatha yakamuva iqinisekisa lo mkhuba. Ngokusho kombiko wakamuva we-Check Point Research, inani elimaphakathi lokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber njalo ngeviki ngenhlangano emhlabeni wonke lifinyelele ku-2.336 ngoJulayi, okuwukwenyuka okungu-16% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga efanayo ngonyaka odlule. ESpain, izinkampani ziqophe isilinganiso sokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber njalo ngeviki okungu-2.068, okungu-1% ngaphezulu kuno-2025. Nakuba ukukhula kuphakathi kakhulu kunesilinganiso somhlaba wonke, ingcindezi ezinhlanganweni zaseSpain isalokhu inamandla, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nemfundo, uhulumeni, kanye nezimpahla zabathengi kanye nezinsizakalo.
Izinombolo ezirekhodiwe zokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber okuqhutshwa yi-AI
Umbiko we-Check Point Research, ohlaziya imisebenzi yokuhlasela kwe-cyber emhlabeni wonke, wembula ukuthi imfundo isalokhu ingumkhakha ohlosiwe kakhulu , ngesilinganiso sokuhlaselwa okungu-4.848 ngesonto ngenhlangano ngayinye, okuwukwenyuka okungu-14% kunonyaka odlule. Lokhu kulandelwa izikhungo zikahulumeni, ngokuhlaselwa okungu-3.044 (+11%), ezokuxhumana (2.927, +6%), amandla nezinsiza (2.759, +20%), kanye nokungenisa izihambi, ukuhamba, kanye nokuzilibazisa (2.614, +28%). Ngokwephesenti, umkhakha wezinsizakalo zebhizinisi ubalwa njengo-32,5% wezisulu ezibikiwe, kulandelwe ukukhiqiza kwezimboni (14,4%) kanye nezimpahla nezinsizakalo zabathengi (13,4%).
Le datha ibonisa ukuthi ubungozi be-cyber buqongelela ezindaweni eziningi ngasikhathi sinye , njengoba abacwaningi besho. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi inani lokuhlaselwa liyakhula, kodwa amaphuzu okungena nawo ayahlukahluka. I-imeyili isalokhu ingenye yezindlela eziyinhloko: eyodwa kuma-imeyili angu-128 ahlaziyiwe yahlukaniswa njenge-phishing, kanti amanye ama-20% awela ezigabeni zengozi ezifana ne-spam noma i-graymail. I-Afrika iqophe izinga eliphezulu kakhulu le-phishing (eyodwa kuma-imeyili angu-106), ilandelwa yiNyakatho Melika (eyodwa kuma-imeyili angu-117).
I-Ransomware, usongo olukhula ngokushesha kakhulu
Phakathi kwazo zonke izinsongo ezihlaziyiwe, i-ransomware ivelele ngokukhula kwayo okumangalisayo. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware okubikiwe kufinyelele amacala angu-964 ngoJulayi , angu-49% ngaphezulu kunangoJuni kanye no-87% ngaphezulu kunangoJulayi 2025. Lokhu kwanda kwenza i-ransomware ibe enye yezindlela ezizuzisa kakhulu zamaqembu obugebengu, ngomthelela odlula ukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana: ingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwezimali okuqondile, ukuvuza kolwazi olubucayi, kanye nomonakalo wedumela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amasu okutakula ukwehluleka okukhulu ukunciphisa le miphumela.
Ngokomkhakha, izinsizakalo zebhizinisi yizo ezithinteke kakhulu, zibanga u-32,5% wezigameko, kulandele ukukhiqiza (14,4%) kanye nezimpahla nezinsizakalo zabathengi (13,4%). Ngokwendawo, iNyakatho Melika ibinga u-45% wamacala abikiwe, kanti iYurophu ibinga endaweni yesibili ngo-28%. Amaqembu obugebengu asebenza kakhulu ahlanganisa i-The Gentlemen ne-Qilin, ngalinye libanga u-14% wokuhlaselwa okubikwe phakathi naleso sikhathi.
I-AI Ekhiqizayo, uhlangothi olusha oluyingozi
Lo mbiko uphinde ugxile ekuvezweni okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa okukhiqizayo emabhizinisini. Isimemo esisodwa kwezingu-36 noma imibuzo eyenziwe kumapulatifomu e-AI ihlukaniswe njengeyingozi enkulu ngenxa yamandla ayo okuveza ulwazi olubucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangano ezingama-88% ezisebenzisa la mathuluzi zibike ukuthi umsebenzi ubhekwa njengoyingozi enkulu, kanti imilayezo engama-22% iqukethe ulwazi olungase lube yimfihlo.
Idatha yomuntu siqu yisigaba esivezwe kakhulu, esikhona ku-70% wezinhlangano ezihlaziyiwe, kulandelwe idatha yezezimali kanye nengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi kanye ne-IT, ngayinye ku-68%. Lesi simo sibonisa inselele ekhulayo: ukusebenzisa amandla e-AI ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni izimpahla ezibalulekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ingozi ivela lapho abasebenzi befaka amadokhumenti, imibiko, noma idatha yamakhasimende kubasizi be-AI ngaphandle kokuqaphela ngokugcwele imiphumela yokuphepha.
I-OpenAI iyaxwayisa: ukuzivikela kumele kuqiniswe
Okwamanje, i-OpenAI ishicilele umbiko oxwayisa ngokuthi i-AI isheshisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber futhi iphakamisa izinyathelo eziphuthumayo zezinkampani nezinhlangano zokuqinisa ukuzivikela kwazo. Inkampani ephethe i-ChatGPT ikhomba ukuthi amamodeli afanayo akwazi ukusiza abahleli bezinhlelo nokwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalela angasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola ubuthakathaka, ukuhlanganisa amaphutha okuphepha, nokusheshisa ukuhlaselwa obekudinga amaqembu akhethekile kanye nesikhathi esiningi kakhulu kuze kube muva nje.
I-OpenAI incoma ukuthuthukisa kokubili izilawuli zokuphepha zendabuko kanye nesivinini lapho ubuthakathaka butholakala futhi bulungiswa khona. Phakathi kweziphakamiso zayo kukhona izimiso zokuqinisa ezifana namalungelo amancane, ukuzivikela okujulile, ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi, izibuyekezo zesistimu, kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo. Iphinde yelule ukusebenzisa i-AI ngokwayo njengethuluzi lokuzivikela, kanye nama-ejenti akwazi ukuhlaziya ikhodi, ukucushwa, kanye nemibhalo ukuze abone izingozi ngaphambi kokuba zisetshenziswe kabi. Kodwa-ke, inkampani igcizelela ukuthi ukuzenzekela kufanele kuqalwe kancane kancane nokuthi izinqumo ezinomthelela omkhulu kufanele zihlale zingaphansi kokugadwa ngumuntu.
ISpain iyalungiselela: i-CCN ifuna ukuzihlola
Ezingeni likazwelonke, iNational Cryptologic Center (CCN) inxuse zonke izinhlangano ezifakwe ku-National Security Framework (ENS), ikakhulukazi iziphathimandla zomphakathi, ukuthi zigcwalise ifomu elisha lokuzihlola ngaphambi kukaSepthemba 15 mayelana nokulungela kwazo izinsongo ezivela ekusetshenzisweni okulimazayo kobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Le nhlangano ixwayisa ngokuthi lezi zinsongo azizona ezicatshangelwayo, kodwa ziyingxenye yendawo yokusebenza yamanje yeziphathimandla zomphakathi kanye nabahlinzeki bazo bezobuchwepheshe.
Leli fomu, elitholakala epulatifomu ye-INÉS, lihlanganisa izindawo ezifana nobunjiniyela bezenhlalo, ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi kwamathuluzi e-AI akhiqizayo, ukuvikelwa kobunikazi kanye nokuqinisekiswa, ukutholakala kwezehlakalo kanye nokuphendula, ubuqotho bemibhalo kanye nokuxhumana, ukuncika kubathengisi, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. I-CCN igcizelela ukuthi ukuzihlola kufanele kusebenzele ukuhlonza izinga langempela lokulungela, hhayi ukumemezela isikhundla sokuthobela imithetho esisemthethweni, nokuthi imiphumela kufanele ihlanganiswe ezinhlelweni zokuthuthukisa kanye nokuhlola ze-ENS.
Icala langempela: ukuhlaselwa kweTaiwan
Okwamanje, uhulumeni waseTaiwan ubike ukwephulwa kokuphepha okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, okubangelwa ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber okusizwa yi-AI. Ngokusho kwe-Digital Affairs Administration (MDA), lokhu kuhlasela kwalimaza okungenani ama-akhawunti abasebenzisi bakahulumeni angu-85 futhi kwakhipha amarekhodi abasebenzi angaphezu kuka-2.500 ngaphambi kokusabalala kwi-Nuclear Security Agency kanye nezinkampani eziyisikhombisa zomkhakha wamandla. Inkampani yakwa-Israyeli i-Dream, eyasiza ekutholeni, ibonise ukuthi abenzi bobubi basebenzise ama-AI avulekile ukudala ithuluzi lokugenca elizimele elikwazi ukusebenza njengeqembu elihlangene labahlaseli be-cyber.
Leli cala libonisa isivinini abahlaseli abasekelwa yi-AI abangafinyelela ngaso imigomo yabo, yize ochwepheshe bekhomba ukuthi kusekhona umuntu ngemuva kwakho konke . Umuntu unquma ukuthi uzohlasela bani, abeke imigomo, futhi anikeze iziqondiso. Akusikho ukuzimela ngokuphelele, kodwa ikhono lokwenza ngokuzenzakalela linciphisa kakhulu isikhathi nezinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kuqalwe imikhankaso eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngamafuphi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buchaza kabusha isimo sokuphepha kwe-inthanethi. Izinhlangano ezigcina izinqubo zokuphepha ezihamba kancane futhi ngokuyinhloko ezenziwe ngesandla zingaba sengozini ngokumelene nabahlaseli abakwazi ukusebenza ngesivinini somshini. Inzuzo izoba kulabo abahlanganisa imikhuba emihle yendabuko, ukuzenzakalela, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nokuqapha kwabantu. Umncintiswano ngeke ube phakathi kwabantu nemishini, kodwa phakathi kwezinhlangano ezikwazi ukufaka i-AI nesu eliqinile lokulawula ubungozi kanye nalabo abayisebenzisa ngaphandle kwayo. Ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kungumthwalo wemfanelo wawo wonke umuntu, futhi isikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo manje.
